The Address Resolution Protocol
As you know, the TCP/IP protocol stack contains the address resolution protocol (ARP) that is used to convert TCP/IP address into Media Access control (MAC) address using broadcast. A machine that runs on TCP/IP gathers information about the machine (having a specific IP address) that runs on Ethernet network. Therefore, the machine that runs on TCP/IP sends an ARP broadcast. In response, the machine that runs on the Ethernet network sends the specific IP address along with its MAC address. The machine that runs on TCP/IP adds the received information to its own ARP table. ARP is also used to manipulate and view the ARP table of local workstation.
